<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Tian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gannon, Sarah M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nevin, Kelly P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franks, Ashley E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, Derek R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stimulating the anaerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated sediments by providing an electrode as the electron acceptor.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environ Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environ. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaerobiosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benzene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon Dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrodes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geobacter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geologic Sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graphite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naphthalenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toluene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Pollutants, Chemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1011-20</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The possibility that electrodes might serve as an electron acceptor to simulate the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in anaerobic contaminated sediments was investigated. Initial studies with Geobacter metallireducens demonstrated that although toluene was rapidly adsorbed onto the graphite electrodes it was rapidly oxidized to carbon dioxide with the electrode serving as the sole electron acceptor. Providing graphite electrodes as an electron acceptor in hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments significantly stimulated the removal of added toluene and benzene. Rates of toluene and benzene removal accelerated with continued additions of toluene and benzene. [(14)C]-Toluene and [(14)C]-benzene were quantitatively recovered as [(14)C]-CO(2), demonstrating that even though the graphite adsorbed toluene and benzene they were degraded. Introducing an electrode as an electron acceptor also accelerated the loss of added naphthalene and [(14)C]-naphthalene was converted to [(14)C]-CO(2). The results suggest that graphite electrodes can serve as an electron acceptor for the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants in sediments, co-localizing the contaminants, the degradative organisms and the electron acceptor. Once in position, they provide a permanent, low-maintenance source of electron acceptor. Thus, graphite electrodes may offer an attractive alternative for enhancing contaminant degradation in anoxic environments.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20105223?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayes, L A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, Derek R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Specific 16S rDNA sequences associated with naphthalene degradation under sulfate-reducing conditions in harbor sediments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microb Ecol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microb. Ecol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodegradation, Environmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Primers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geologic Sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naphthalenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Pollutants, Chemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">134-45</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Previous studies have demonstrated that naphthalene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be anaerobically oxidized with the reduction of sulfate in PAH-contaminated marine harbor sediments, including those in San Diego Bay. In order to learn more about the microorganisms that might be involved in anaerobic naphthalene degradation, the microorganisms associated with naphthalene degradation in San Diego Bay sediments were evaluated. A dilution-to-extinction enrichment culture strategy, designed to recover the most numerous culturable naphthalene-degrading sulfate reducers, resulted in the enrichment of microorganisms with 16S rDNA sequences in the d-Proteobacteria, which were closely related to a previously described pure culture of a naphthalene-degrading sulfate reducer, NaphS2, isolated from sediments in Germany. A more traditional enrichment culture approach, expected to enrich for the fastest-growing naphthalene-degrading sulfate reducers, yielded 16S rDNA sequences closely related to those found in the dilution-to-extinction enrichments and NaphS2. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences in sediments from two sites in San Diego Bay that had been adapted for rapid naphthalene degradation by continual amendment with low levels of naphthalene suggested that the microbial community composition in the amended sediments differed from that present in the unamended sediments from the same sites. Most significantly, 6-8% of the sequences recovered from 100 clones of each of the naphthalene-amended sediments were closely related to the 16S rDNA sequences in the enrichment cultures as well as the sequence of the pure culture, NaphS2. No sequences in this NaphS2 phylotype were recovered from the sediments that were not continually exposed to naphthalene. A PCR primer, which was designed based on these phylotype sequences, was used to amplify additional 16S rDNA sequences belonging to the NaphS2 phylotype from PAH-degrading sediments from Island End River (Boston), MA, and Liepaja Harbor, Latvia. Closely related sequences were also recovered from highly contaminated sediment from Tampa Bay, FL. These results suggest that microorganisms closely related to NaphS2 might be involved in naphthalene degradation in harbor sediments. This finding contrasts with the frequent observation that the environmentally relevant microorganisms cannot be readily recovered in pure culture and suggests that further study of the physiology of NaphS2 may provide insights into factors controlling the rate and extent of naphthalene degradation in marine harbor sediments.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11984635?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodward, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allen, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philp, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes in petroleum-contaminated marine harbor sediments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl Environ Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Environ. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkanes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaerobiosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodegradation, Environmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">California</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naphthalenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petroleum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Pollutants, Chemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3589-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Although polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have usually been found to persist under strict anaerobic conditions, in a previous study an unusual site was found in San Diego Bay in which two PAHs, naphthalene and phenanthrene, were oxidized to carbon dioxide under sulfate-reducing conditions. Further investigations with these sediments revealed that methylnaphthalene, fluorene, and fluoranthene were also anaerobically oxidized to carbon dioxide in these sediments, while pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were not. Studies with naphthalene indicated that PAH oxidation was sulfate dependent. Incubating the sediments with additional naphthalene for 1 month resulted in a significant increase in the oxidation of [14C]naphthalene. In sediments from a less heavily contaminated site in San diego Bay where PAHs were not readily degraded, naphthalene degradation could be stimulated through inoculation with active PAH-degrading sediments from the most heavily contaminated site. Sediments from the less heavily contaminated site that had been adapted for rapid anaerobic degradation of high concentrations of benzene did not oxidize naphthalene, suggesting that the benzene- and naphthalene-degrading populations were different. When fuels containing complex mixtures of alkanes were added to sediments from the two sites, there was significant degradation in the alkanes. [14C]hexadecane was also anaerobically oxidized to 14CO2 in these sediments. Molybdate, a specific inhibitor of sulfate reduction, inhibited hexadecane oxidation. These results demonstrate that a wide variety of hydrocarbon contaminants can be degraded under sulfate-reducing conditions in hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments, and they suggest that it may be possible to use sulfate reduction rather than aerobic respiration as a treatment strategy for hydrocarbon-contaminated dredged sediments.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9341091?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dangoria, N S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breau, W C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, H A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cishek, D M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norkin, L C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extracellular simian virus 40 induces an ERK/MAP kinase-independent signalling pathway that activates primary response genes and promotes virus entry.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Gen Virol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Gen. Virol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Cycle Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Line</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cercopithecus aethiops</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme Inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation, Viral</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genistein</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immediate-Early Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoflavones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naphthalenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphoprotein Phosphatases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platelet-Derived Growth Factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein Kinase C</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein Phosphatase 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proto-Oncogene Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Signal Transduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simian virus 40</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Up-Regulation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77 ( Pt 9)</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2173-82</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simian virus 40 (SV40) binding to growth-arrested cells activated an intracellular signalling pathway that induced the up-regulation of the primary response genes c-myc, c-jun and c-sis within 30 min and of JE within 90 min. The up-regulation of the primary response genes occurred in the presence of cycloheximide and when UV-inactivated SV40 was adsorbed to cells. SV40 binding did not activate Raf or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP/ERK1), or mobilize intracellular Ca2+. The SV40-induced up-regulation of c-myc and c-jun was blocked by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, and by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, calphostin C, but not by expression of the MAP kinase-specific phosphatase, MKP-1. These results suggest that the SV40-induced signalling pathway includes the activities of a tyrosine kinase and a Ca(2+)-independent isoform of PKC, but not of Raf or MAP kinase. Finally, SV40 infectious entry into cells was specifically and reversibly blocked by genistein.</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8811017?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>