<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilkins, Michael J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callister, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miletto, Marzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, Kenneth H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicora, Carrie D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, Derek R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long, Philip E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipton, Mary S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development of a biomarker for Geobacter activity and strain composition; proteogenomic analysis of the citrate synthase protein during bioremediation of U(VI).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microb Biotechnol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microb Biotechnol</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodegradation, Environmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrate (si)-Synthase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geobacter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groundwater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteomics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Alignment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uranium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-63</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monitoring the activity of target microorganisms during stimulated bioremediation is a key problem for the development of effective remediation strategies. At the US Department of Energy's Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site in Rifle, CO, the stimulation of Geobacter growth and activity via subsurface acetate addition leads to precipitation of U(VI) from groundwater as U(IV). Citrate synthase (gltA) is a key enzyme in Geobacter central metabolism that controls flux into the TCA cycle. Here, we utilize shotgun proteomic methods to demonstrate that the measurement of gltA peptides can be used to track Geobacter activity and strain evolution during in situ biostimulation. Abundances of conserved gltA peptides tracked Fe(III) reduction and changes in U(VI) concentrations during biostimulation, whereas changing patterns of unique peptide abundances between samples suggested sample-specific strain shifts within the Geobacter population. Abundances of unique peptides indicated potential differences at the strain level between Fe(III)-reducing populations stimulated during in situ biostimulation experiments conducted a year apart at the Rifle IFRC. These results offer a novel technique for the rapid screening of large numbers of proteomic samples for Geobacter species and will aid monitoring of subsurface bioremediation efforts that rely on metal reduction for desired outcomes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21255372?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandler, Simon J I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Figaji, Anthony A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adelson, P David</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical applications of biomarkers in pediatric traumatic brain injury.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childs Nerv Syst</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childs Nerv Syst</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205-13</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) present significant challenges to the treating clinician. Clinical and radiological tools for assessing injury severity and predicting outcome, in particular, lack sensitivity and specificity. In patients with mild TBI, often there is uncertainty about which patients should undergo radiological imaging and who is at risk for long term neurological sequelae. In severe TBI, often there is uncertainty about which patients will experience secondary insults and what the outcome for individual patients will be. In several other clinical specialties, biomarkers are used to diagnose disease, direct treatment, and prognosticate. However, an ideal biomarker for brain injury has not been found.

METHODS: In this review, we examine the various factors that must be taken into account in the search for a reliable biomarker in brain injury. We review the important studies that have investigated common biomarkers of structural brain injury, in particular S100B, neuron-specific enolase, myelin basic protein, and glial fibrillary acid protein.

DISCUSSION: The potential uses and limitations of these biomarkers in the context of TBI are discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19902222?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>