<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaw, C V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geothrix fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel Fe(III)-reducing bacterium from a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Syst Bacteriol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodegradation, Environmental</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Ribosomal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferric Compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geologic Sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petroleum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Pollutants, Chemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Supply</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49 Pt 4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1615-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In an attempt to understand better the micro-organisms involved in anaerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in the Fe(III)-reducing zone of petroleum-contaminated aquifers, Fe(III)-reducing micro-organisms were isolated from contaminated aquifer material that had been adapted for rapid oxidation of toluene coupled to Fe(III) reduction. One of these organisms, strain H-5T, was enriched and isolated on acetate/Fe(III) medium. Strain H-5T is a Gram-negative strict anaerobe that grows with various simple organic acids such as acetate, propionate, lactate and fumarate as alternative electron donors with Fe(III) as the electron acceptor. In addition, strain H-5T also oxidizes long-chain fatty acids such as palmitate with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. Strain H-5T can also grow by fermentation of citrate or fumarate in the absence of an alternative electron acceptor. The primary end-products of citrate fermentation are acetate and succinate. In addition to various forms of soluble and insoluble Fe(III), strain H-5T grows with nitrate, Mn(IV), fumarate and the humic acid analogue 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate as alternative electron acceptors. As with other organisms that can oxidize organic compounds completely with the reduction of Fe(III), cell suspensions of strain H-5T have absorbance maxima indicative of a c-type cytochrome(s). It is proposed that strain H-5T represents a novel genus in the Holophaga-Acidobacterium phylum and that it should be named Geothrix fermentans sp. nov., gen. nov.</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10555343?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blunt-Harris, E L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaw, C V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roden, E E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery of humic-reducing bacteria from a diversity of environments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl Environ Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Environ. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthraquinones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Base Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Primers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electron Transport</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fresh Water</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humic Substances</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seawater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1504-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">To evaluate which microorganisms might be responsible for microbial reduction of humic substances in sedimentary environments, humic-reducing bacteria were isolated from a variety of sediment types. These included lake sediments, pristine and contaminated wetland sediments, and marine sediments. In each of the sediment types, all of the humic reducers recovered with acetate as the electron donor and the humic substance analog, 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate (AQDS), as the electron acceptor were members of the family Geobacteraceae. This was true whether the AQDS-reducing bacteria were enriched prior to isolation on solid media or were recovered from the highest positive dilutions of sediments in liquid media. All of the isolates tested not only conserved energy to support growth from acetate oxidation coupled to AQDS reduction but also could oxidize acetate with highly purified soil humic acids as the sole electron acceptor. All of the isolates tested were also able to grow with Fe(III) serving as the sole electron acceptor. This is consistent with previous studies that have suggested that the capacity for Fe(III) reduction is a common feature of all members of the Geobacteraceae. These studies demonstrate that the potential for microbial humic substance reduction can be found in a wide variety of sediment types and suggest that Geobacteraceae species might be important humic-reducing organisms in sediments.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9546186?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phillips, E J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lonergan, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jenter, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation of Geobacter species from diverse sedimentary environments.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl Environ Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Appl. Environ. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Base Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferric Compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996 May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1531-6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In an attempt to better understand the microorganisms responsible for Fe(III) reduction in sedimentary environments, Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms were enriched for and isolated from freshwater aquatic sediments, a pristine deep aquifer, and a petroleum-contaminated shallow aquifer. Enrichments were initiated with acetate or toluene as the electron donor and Fe(III) as the electron acceptor. Isolations were made with acetate or benzoate. Five new strains which could obtain energy for growth by dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction were isolated. All five isolates are gram-negative strict anaerobes which grow with acetate as the electron donor and Fe(III) as the electron acceptor. Analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence of the isolated organisms demonstrated that they all belonged to the genus Geobacter in the delta subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Unlike the type strain, Geobacter metallireducens, three of the five isolates could use H2 as an electron donor for Fe(III) reduction. The deep subsurface isolate is the first Fe(III) reducer shown to completely oxidize lactate to carbon dioxide, while one of the freshwater sediment isolates is only the second Fe(III) reducer known that can oxidize toluene. The isolation of these organisms demonstrates that Geobacter species are widely distributed in a diversity of sedimentary environments in which Fe(III) reduction is an important process.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8633852?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lonergan, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philips, E J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jenter, H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desulfuromonas palmitatis sp. nov., a marine dissimilatory Fe(III) reducer that can oxidize long-chain fatty acids.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electron Transport</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty Acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">164</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406-13</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Studies on the microorganisms living in hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments in San Diego Bay, California led to the isolation of a novel Fe(III)-reducing microorganism. This organism, designated strain SDBY1, was an obligately anaerobic, non-motile, non-flagellated, gram-negative rod. Strain SDBY1 conserves energy to support growth from the oxidation of acetate, lactate, succinate, fumarate, laurate, palmitate, or stearate. H2 was also oxidized with the reduction of Fe(III), but growth with H2 as the sole electron donor was not observed. In addition to various forms of soluble and insoluble Fe(III), strain SDBY1 also coupled growth to the reduction of fumarate, Mn(IV), or S0. Air-oxidized minus dithionite-reduced difference spectra exhibited peaks at 552.8, 523.6, and 422.8 nm, indicative of c-type cytochrome(s). Strain SDBY1 shares physiological characteristics with organisms in the genera Geobacter, Pelobacter, and Desulfuromonas. Detailed analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence indicated that strain SDBY1 should be placed in the genus Desulfuromonas. The new species name Desulfuromonas palmitatis is proposed. D. palmitatis is only the second marine organism found (after D. acetoxidans) to oxidize multicarbon organic compounds completely to carbon dioxide with Fe(III) as an electron acceptor and provides the first pure culture model for the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids coupled to Fe(III) reduction.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8588742?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>