<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel forms of anaerobic respiration of environmental relevance.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr Opin Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr. Opin. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaerobiosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria, Anaerobic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Waste</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000 Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">252-6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel forms of anaerobic respiration continue to be discovered. Many of these are environmentally significant as they have important impacts on the fate of organic carbon and the cycling of many inorganic compounds. Furthermore, anaerobic respiration is becoming increasing recognized as a strategy for the remediation of organic and metal contaminants in the subsurface.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10851154?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newman, D K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kennedy, E K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmann, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morel, F M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dissimilatory arsenate and sulfate reduction in Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum sp. nov.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Microbiol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Microbiol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsenates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria, Anaerobic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biotransformation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geologic Sediments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substrate Specificity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Microbiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">168</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">380-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A newly discovered arsenate-reducing bacterium, strain OREX-4, differed significantly from strains MIT-13 and SES-3, the previously described arsenate-reducing isolates, which grew on nitrate but not on sulfate. In contrast, strain OREX-4 did not respire nitrate but grew on lactate, with either arsenate or sulfate serving as the electron acceptor, and even preferred arsenate. Both arsenate and sulfate reduction were inhibited by molybdate. Strain OREX-4, a gram-positive bacterium with a hexagonal S-layer on its cell wall, metabolized compounds commonly used by sulfate reducers. Scorodite (FeAsO42. H2O) an arsenate-containing mineral, provided micromolar concentrations of arsenate that supported cell growth. Physiologically and phylogenetically, strain OREX-4 was far-removed from strains MIT-13 and SES-3: strain OREX-4 grew on different electron donors and electron acceptors, and fell within the gram-positive group of the Bacteria, whereas MIT-13 and SES-3 fell together in the epsilon-subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Together, these results suggest that organisms spread among diverse bacterial phyla can use arsenate as a terminal electron acceptor, and that dissimilatory arsenate reduction might occur in the sulfidogenic zone at arsenate concentrations of environmental interest. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that strain OREX-4 is a new species of the genus Desulfotomaculum, and accordingly, the name Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum is proposed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9325426?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lonergan, D J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jenter, H L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coates, J D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phillips, E J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, T M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lovley, D R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogenetic analysis of dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Bacteriol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Bacteriol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria, Anaerobic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Base Sequence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Ribosomal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferric Compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iron</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidation-Reduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Ribosomal, 16S</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">178</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2402-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolutionary relationships among strictly anaerobic dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria obtained from a diversity of sedimentary environments were examined by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Members of the genera Geobacter, Desulfuromonas, Pelobacter, and Desulfuromusa formed a monophyletic group within the delta subdivision of the class Proteobacteria. On the basis of their common ancestry and the shared ability to reduce Fe(III) and/or S0, we propose that this group be considered a single family, Geobacteraceae. Bootstrap analysis, characteristic nucleotides, and higher-order secondary structures support the division of Geobacteraceae into two subgroups, designated the Geobacter and Desulfuromonas clusters. The genus Desulfuromusa and Pelobacter acidigallici make up a distinct branch within the Desulfuromonas cluster. Several members of the family Geobacteraceae, none of which reduce sulfate, were found to contain the target sequences of probes that have been previously used to define the distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacterium-like microorganisms. The recent isolations of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms distributed throughout the domain Bacteria suggest that development of 16S rRNA probes that would specifically target all Fe(III) reducers may not be feasible. However, all of the evidence suggests that if a 16S rRNA sequence falls within the family Geobacteraceae, then the organism has the capacity for Fe(III) reduction. The suggestion, based on geological evidence, that Fe(III) reduction was the first globally significant process for oxidizing organic matter back to carbon dioxide is consistent with the finding that acetate-oxidizing Fe(III) reducers are phylogenetically diverse.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8636045?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>