@article {413,
	title = {Microbial functional gene diversity with a shift of subsurface redox conditions during In Situ uranium reduction.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012 Apr},
	pages = {2966-72},
	abstract = {To better understand the microbial functional diversity changes with subsurface redox conditions during in situ uranium bioremediation, key functional genes were studied with GeoChip, a comprehensive functional gene microarray, in field experiments at a uranium mill tailings remedial action (UMTRA) site (Rifle, CO). The results indicated that functional microbial communities altered with a shift in the dominant metabolic process, as documented by hierarchical cluster and ordination analyses of all detected functional genes. The abundance of dsrAB genes (dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes) and methane generation-related mcr genes (methyl coenzyme M reductase coding genes) increased when redox conditions shifted from Fe-reducing to sulfate-reducing conditions. The cytochrome genes detected were primarily from Geobacter sp. and decreased with lower subsurface redox conditions. Statistical analysis of environmental parameters and functional genes indicated that acetate, U(VI), and redox potential (E(h)) were the most significant geochemical variables linked to microbial functional gene structures, and changes in microbial functional diversity were strongly related to the dominant terminal electron-accepting process following acetate addition. The study indicates that the microbial functional genes clearly reflect the in situ redox conditions and the dominant microbial processes, which in turn influence uranium bioreduction. Microbial functional genes thus could be very useful for tracking microbial community structure and dynamics during bioremediation.},
	keywords = {Biodegradation, Environmental, Biota, Environmental Microbiology, Environmental Pollutants, Genetic Variation, Microarray Analysis, Oxidation-Reduction, Uranium},
	issn = {1098-5336},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.06528-11},
	author = {Liang, Yuting and Van Nostrand, Joy D and N{\textquoteright}guessan, Lucie A and Peacock, Aaron D and Deng, Ye and Long, Philip E and Resch, C Tom and Wu, Liyou and He, Zhili and Li, Guanghe and Hazen, Terry C and Lovley, Derek R and Zhou, Jizhong}
}
@article {1568,
	title = {Pollutant degradation by a Methylocystis strain SB2 grown on ethanol: bioremediation via facultative methanotrophy.},
	journal = {FEMS Microbiol Lett},
	volume = {318},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 May},
	pages = {137-42},
	abstract = {<p>A facultative methanotroph, Methylocystis strain SB2, was examined for its ability to degrade chlorinated hydrocarbons when grown on methane or ethanol. Strain SB2 grown on methane degraded vinyl chloride (VC), trans-dichloroethylene (t-DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA), and chloroform (CF), but not dichloromethane (DCM). Growth on methane was reduced in the presence of any chlorinated hydrocarbon. Strain SB2 grown on ethanol degraded VC, t-DCE, and TCE, and 1,1,1-TCA, but not DCM or CF. With the exception of 1,1,1-TCA, the growth of strain SB2 on ethanol was not affected by any individual chlorinated hydrocarbon. No degradation of any chlorinated hydrocarbon was observed when acetylene was added to ethanol-grown cultures, indicating that this degradation was due to particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) activity. When mixtures of chlorinated alkanes or alkenes were added to cultures growing on methane or ethanol, chlorinated alkene degradation occurred, but chlorinated alkanes were not, and growth was reduced on both methane and ethanol. Collectively, these data indicate that competitive inhibition of pMMO activity limits methanotrophic growth and pollutant degradation. Facultative methanotrophy may thus be useful to extend the utility of methanotrophs for bioremediation as the use of alternative growth substrates allows for pMMO activity to be focused on pollutant degradation.</p>},
	keywords = {Autotrophic Processes, Biodegradation, Environmental, Environmental Pollutants, Ethanol, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Methane, Methylocystaceae},
	issn = {1574-6968},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02249.x},
	author = {Im, Jeongdae and Semrau, Jeremy D}
}
@article {425,
	title = {A shift in the current: new applications and concepts for microbe-electrode electron exchange.},
	journal = {Curr Opin Biotechnol},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 Jun},
	pages = {441-8},
	abstract = {Perceived applications of microbe-electrode interactions are shifting from production of electric power to other technologies, some of which even consume current. Electrodes can serve as stable, long-term electron acceptors for contaminant-degrading microbes to promote rapid degradation of organic pollutants in anaerobic subsurface environments. Solar and other forms of renewable electrical energy can be used to provide electrons extracted from water to microorganisms on electrodes at suitably low potentials for a number of groundwater bioremediation applications as well as for the production of fuels and other organic compounds from carbon dioxide. The understanding of how microorganisms exchange electrons with electrodes has improved substantially and is expected to be helpful in optimizing practical applications of microbe-electrode interactions, as well as yielding insights into related natural environmental phenomena.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biofuels, Carbon Dioxide, Electricity, Electrodes, Electrons, Environmental Pollutants, Fungi, Microbiological Phenomena, Organic Chemicals},
	issn = {1879-0429},
	doi = {10.1016/j.copbio.2011.01.009},
	author = {Lovley, Derek R and Nevin, Kelly P}
}
@article {735,
	title = {Biological perchlorate reduction in packed bed reactors using elemental sulfur.},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009 Jun 15},
	pages = {4466-71},
	abstract = {Sulfur-utilizing perchlorate (ClO4-)-reducing bacteria were enriched from a denitrifying wastewater seed with elemental sulfur (S0) as an electron donor. The enrichment was composed of a diverse microbial community, with the majority identified as members of the phylum Proteobacteria. Cultures were inoculated into bench-scale packed bed reactors (PBR) with S0 and crushed oyster shell packing media. High ClO4-concentrations (5-8 mg/L) were reduced to < 0.5 mg/L at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 13 h. Low C1O4- concentrations (60-120 microg/L), more typical of contaminated groundwater sites, were reduced to < 4 microg/L at an EBCT of 7.5 h. PBR performance decreased when effluent recirculation was applied or when smaller S0 particle sizes were used, indicating that mass transfer of ClO4- to the attached biofilm was not the limiting mechanism in this process, and that biofilm acclimation and growth were key factors in overall reactor performance. The presence of nitrate (6.5 mg N/L) inhibited ClO4- reduction. The microbial community composition was found to change with ClO4- availability from a majority of Beta-Proteobacteria near the influent end of the reactor to primarily sulfur-oxidizing bacteria near the effluent end of the reactor.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Bioreactors, Environmental Pollutants, Medical Waste Disposal, Oxidation-Reduction, Perchloric Acid, Sulfur},
	issn = {0013-936X},
	author = {Sahu, Ashish K and Conneely, Teresa and N{\"u}sslein, Klaus R and Ergas, Sarina J}
}
@article {629,
	title = {Bioremediation of metal contamination.},
	journal = {Curr Opin Biotechnol},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1997},
	month = {1997 Jun},
	pages = {285-9},
	abstract = {Recent studies have demonstrated that microbes might be used to remediate metal contamination by removing metals from contaminated water or waste streams, sequestering metals in soils and sediments or solubilizing metals to aid in their extraction. This is primarily accomplished either by biosorption of metals or enzymatically catalyzed changes in the metal redox state. Bioremediation of metals is still primarily a research problem with little large-scale application of this technology.},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Bacteria, Biomass, Biotechnology, Environmental Pollutants, Metals, Oxidation-Reduction},
	issn = {0958-1669},
	author = {Lovley, D R and Coates, J D}
}
