@article {384,
	title = {Stem-loop silencing reveals that a third mitochondrial DNA polymerase, POLID, is required for kinetoplast DNA replication in trypanosomes.},
	journal = {Eukaryot Cell},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008 Dec},
	pages = {2141-6},
	abstract = {Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), the mitochondrial genome of trypanosomes, is a catenated network containing thousands of minicircles and tens of maxicircles. The topological complexity dictates some unusual features including a topoisomerase-mediated release-and-reattachment mechanism for minicircle replication and at least six mitochondrial DNA polymerases (Pols) for kDNA transactions. Previously, we identified four family A DNA Pols from Trypanosoma brucei with similarity to bacterial DNA Pol I and demonstrated that two (POLIB and POLIC) were essential for maintaining the kDNA network, while POLIA was not. Here, we used RNA interference to investigate the function of POLID in procyclic T. brucei. Stem-loop silencing of POLID resulted in growth arrest and the progressive loss of the kDNA network. Additional defects in kDNA replication included a rapid decline in minicircle and maxicircle abundance and a transient accumulation of minicircle replication intermediates before loss of the kDNA network. These results demonstrate that POLID is a third essential DNA Pol required for kDNA replication. While other eukaryotes utilize a single DNA Pol (Pol gamma) for replication of mitochondrial DNA, T. brucei requires at least three to maintain the complex kDNA network.},
	keywords = {Animals, DNA Replication, DNA, Kinetoplast, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Mitochondria, Mitochondrial Proteins, Protozoan Proteins, RNA Interference, RNA, Double-Stranded, Trypanosoma brucei brucei},
	issn = {1535-9786},
	doi = {10.1128/EC.00199-08},
	author = {Chandler, Julian and Vandoros, Anthula V and Mozeleski, Brian and Klingbeil, Michele M}
}
@article {388,
	title = {Multiple mitochondrial DNA polymerases in Trypanosoma brucei.},
	journal = {Mol Cell},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002 Jul},
	pages = {175-86},
	abstract = {Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), the unusual mitochondrial DNA of Trypanosoma brucei, is a network containing thousands of catenated circles. Database searching for a kDNA replicative polymerase (pol) revealed no mitochondrial pol gamma homolog. Instead, we identified four proteins (TbPOLIA, IB, IC, and ID) related to bacterial pol I. Remarkably, all four localized to the mitochondrion. TbPOLIB and TbPOLIC localized beside the kDNA where replication occurs, and their knockdown by RNA interference caused kDNA network shrinkage. Furthermore, silencing of TbPOLIC caused loss of both minicircles and maxicircles and accumulation of minicircle replication intermediates, consistent with a role in replication. While typical mitochondria contain one DNA polymerase, pol gamma, trypanosome mitochondria contain five such enzymes, including the previously characterized pol beta.},
	keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, DNA, Kinetoplast, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Mitochondria, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Transport, RNA, Double-Stranded, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Trypanosoma brucei brucei},
	issn = {1097-2765},
	author = {Klingbeil, Michele M and Motyka, Shawn A and Englund, Paul T}
}
