@article {486,
	title = {Characterization of extracellular minerals produced during dissimilatory Fe(III) and U(VI) reduction at 100 degrees C by Pyrobaculum islandicum.},
	journal = {Geobiology},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008 Mar},
	pages = {147-54},
	abstract = {In order to gain insight into the significance of biotic metal reduction and mineral formation in hyperthermophilic environments, metal mineralization as a result of the dissimilatory reduction of poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide, and U(VI) reduction at 100 degrees C by Pyrobaculum islandicum was investigated. When P. islandicum was grown in a medium with poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide as an electron acceptor and hydrogen as an electron donor, the Fe(III) oxide was reduced to an extracellular, ultrafine-grained magnetite with characteristics similar to that found in some hot environments and that was previously thought to be of abiotic origin. Furthermore, cell suspensions of P. islandicum rapidly reduced the soluble and oxidized form of uranium, U(VI), to extracellular precipitates of the highly insoluble U(IV) mineral, uraninite (UO(2)). The reduction of U(VI) was dependent on the presence of hydrogen as the electron donor. These findings suggest that microbes may play a key role in metal deposition in hyperthermophilic environments and provide a plausible explanation for such phenomena as magnetite accumulation and formation of uranium deposits at ca. 100 degrees C.},
	keywords = {Ferric Compounds, Ferumoxytol, Hot Temperature, Hydrogen, Minerals, Oxidation-Reduction, Pyrobaculum, Uranium, X-Ray Diffraction},
	issn = {1472-4669},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1472-4669.2007.00142.x},
	author = {Kashefi, K and Moskowitz, B M and Lovley, D R}
}
@article {603,
	title = {Acetate oxidation coupled to Fe(iii) reduction in hyperthermophilic microorganisms.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2001},
	month = {2001 Mar},
	pages = {1363-5},
	abstract = {No hyperthermophilic microorganisms have previously been shown to anaerobically oxidize acetate, the key extracellular intermediate in the anaerobic oxidation of organic matter. Here we report that two hyperthermophiles, Ferroglobus placidus and "Geoglobus ahangari," grow at 85 degrees C by oxidizing acetate to carbon dioxide, with Fe(III) serving as the electron acceptor. These results demonstrate that acetate could potentially be metabolized within the hot microbial ecosystems in which hyperthermophiles predominate, rather than diffusing to cooler environments prior to degradation as has been previously proposed.},
	keywords = {Acetates, Anaerobiosis, Archaea, Ferric Compounds, Hot Temperature, Oxidation-Reduction},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.67.3.1363-1365.2001},
	author = {Tor, J M and Kashefi, K and Lovley, D R}
}
@article {598,
	title = {Anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction by Ferroglobus placidus.},
	journal = {Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2001},
	month = {2001 Apr},
	pages = {281-7},
	abstract = {Aromatic compounds are an important component of the organic matter in some of the anaerobic environments that hyperthermophilic microorganisms inhabit, but the potential for hyperthermophilic microorganisms to metabolize aromatic compounds has not been described previously. In this study, aromatic metabolism was investigated in the hyperthermophile Ferroglobus placidus. F. placidus grew at 85 degrees C in anaerobic medium with a variety of aromatic compounds as the sole electron donor and poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide as the electron acceptor. Growth coincided with Fe(III) reduction. Aromatic compounds supporting growth included benzoate, phenol, 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and t-cinnamic acid (3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid). These aromatic compounds did not support growth when nitrate was provided as the electron acceptor, even though nitrate supports the growth of this organism with Fe(II) or H2 as the electron donor. The stoichiometry of benzoate and phenol uptake and Fe(III) reduction indicated that F. placidus completely oxidized these aromatic compounds to carbon dioxide, with Fe(III) serving as the sole electron acceptor. This is the first example of an Archaea that can anaerobically oxidize an aromatic compound. These results also demonstrate for the first time that hyperthermophilic microorganisms can anaerobically oxidize aromatic compounds and suggest that hyperthermophiles may metabolize aromatic compounds in hot environments such as the deep hot subsurface and in marine and terrestrial hydrothermal zones in which Fe(III) is available as an electron acceptor.},
	keywords = {Anaerobiosis, Archaea, Electron Transport, Ferric Compounds, Hot Temperature, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic, Oxidation-Reduction},
	issn = {1462-2912},
	author = {Tor, J M and Lovley, D R}
}
