@article {3099,
	title = {Enhancing anaerobic digestion of complex organic waste with carbon-based conductive materials.},
	journal = {Bioresour Technol},
	volume = {220},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Nov},
	pages = {516-522},
	abstract = {<p>The aim of this work was to study the methanogenic metabolism of dog food, a food waste surrogate, in laboratory-scale reactors with different carbon-based conductive materials. Carbon cloth, carbon felt, and granular activated carbon all permitted higher organic loading rates and promoted faster recovery of soured reactors than the control reactors. Microbial community analysis revealed that specific and substantial enrichments of Sporanaerobacter and Methanosarcina were present on the carbon cloth surface. These results, and the known ability of Sporanaerobacter species to transfer electrons to elemental sulfur, suggest that Sporanaerobacter species can participate in direct interspecies electron transfer with Methanosarcina species when carbon cloth is available as an electron transfer mediator.</p>},
	keywords = {Anaerobiosis, Animals, Bacteria, Bioreactors, Carbon, Carbon Fiber, Charcoal, Dogs, Electric Conductivity, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Methane, Organic Chemicals, Waste Products},
	issn = {1873-2976},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.114},
	author = {Dang, Yan and Holmes, Dawn E and Zhao, Zhiqiang and Woodard, Trevor L and Zhang, Yaobin and Sun, Dezhi and Wang, Li-Ying and Nevin, Kelly P and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {3113,
	title = {Correlation between microbial community and granule conductivity in anaerobic bioreactors for brewery wastewater treatment.},
	journal = {Bioresour Technol},
	volume = {174},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Dec},
	pages = {306-10},
	abstract = {<p>Prior investigation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating brewery wastes suggested that direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) significantly contributed to interspecies electron transfer to methanogens. To investigate DIET in granules further, the electrical conductivity and bacterial community composition of granules in fourteen samples from four different UASB reactors treating brewery wastes were investigated. All of the UASB granules were electrically conductive whereas control granules from ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation) reactors and microbial granules from an aerobic bioreactor designed for phosphate removal were not. There was a moderate correlation (r=0.67) between the abundance of Geobacter species in the UASB granules and granule conductivity, suggesting that Geobacter contributed to granule conductivity. These results, coupled with previous studies, which have demonstrated that Geobacter species can donate electrons to methanogens that are typically predominant in anaerobic digesters, suggest that DIET may be a widespread phenomenon in UASB reactors treating brewery wastes.</p>},
	keywords = {Alcoholic Beverages, Anaerobiosis, Bacteria, Bioreactors, Electric Conductivity, Ethanol, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sewage, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Wastewater, Water Purification},
	issn = {1873-2976},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.004},
	author = {Shrestha, Pravin Malla and Malvankar, Nikhil S and Werner, Jeffrey J and Franks, Ashley E and Elena-Rotaru, Amelia and Shrestha, Minita and Liu, Fanghua and Nevin, Kelly P and Angenent, Largus T and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {425,
	title = {A shift in the current: new applications and concepts for microbe-electrode electron exchange.},
	journal = {Curr Opin Biotechnol},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 Jun},
	pages = {441-8},
	abstract = {Perceived applications of microbe-electrode interactions are shifting from production of electric power to other technologies, some of which even consume current. Electrodes can serve as stable, long-term electron acceptors for contaminant-degrading microbes to promote rapid degradation of organic pollutants in anaerobic subsurface environments. Solar and other forms of renewable electrical energy can be used to provide electrons extracted from water to microorganisms on electrodes at suitably low potentials for a number of groundwater bioremediation applications as well as for the production of fuels and other organic compounds from carbon dioxide. The understanding of how microorganisms exchange electrons with electrodes has improved substantially and is expected to be helpful in optimizing practical applications of microbe-electrode interactions, as well as yielding insights into related natural environmental phenomena.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biofuels, Carbon Dioxide, Electricity, Electrodes, Electrons, Environmental Pollutants, Fungi, Microbiological Phenomena, Organic Chemicals},
	issn = {1879-0429},
	doi = {10.1016/j.copbio.2011.01.009},
	author = {Lovley, Derek R and Nevin, Kelly P}
}
@article {584,
	title = {Mechanisms for accessing insoluble Fe(III) oxide during dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by Geothrix fermentans.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002 May},
	pages = {2294-9},
	abstract = {Mechanisms for Fe(III) oxide reduction were investigated in Geothrix fermentans, a dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing microorganism found within the Fe(III) reduction zone of subsurface environments. Culture filtrates of G. fermentans stimulated the reduction of poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide by washed cell suspensions, suggesting that G. fermentans released one or more extracellular compounds that promoted Fe(III) oxide reduction. In order to determine if G. fermentans released electron-shuttling compounds, poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide was incorporated into microporous alginate beads, which prevented contact between G. fermentans and the Fe(III) oxide. G. fermentans reduced the Fe(III) within the beads, suggesting that one of the compounds that G. fermentans releases is an electron-shuttling compound that can transfer electrons from the cell to Fe(III) oxide that is not in contact with the organism. Analysis of culture filtrates by thin-layer chromatography suggested that the electron shuttle has characteristics similar to those of a water-soluble quinone. Analysis of filtrates by ion chromatography demonstrated that there was as much as 250 microM dissolved Fe(III) in cultures of G. fermentans growing with Fe(III) oxide as the electron acceptor, suggesting that G. fermentans released one or more compounds capable of chelating and solubilizing Fe(III). Solubilizing Fe(III) is another strategy for alleviating the need for contact between cells and Fe(III) oxide for Fe(III) reduction. This is the first demonstration of a microorganism that, in defined medium without added electron shuttles or chelators, can reduce Fe(III) derived from Fe(III) oxide without directly contacting the Fe(III) oxide. These results are in marked contrast to those with Geobacter metallireducens, which does not produce electron shuttles or Fe(III) chelators. These results demonstrate that phylogenetically distinct Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms may use significantly different strategies for Fe(III) reduction. Thus, it is important to know which Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms predominate in a given environment in order to understand the mechanisms for Fe(III) reduction in the environment of interest.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Electrons, Ferric Compounds, Iron Chelating Agents, Oxidation-Reduction, Solubility},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	author = {Nevin, Kelly P and Lovley, Derek R}
}
