@article {404,
	title = {Interspecies electron transfer via hydrogen and formate rather than direct electrical connections in cocultures of Pelobacter carbinolicus and Geobacter sulfurreducens.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012 Nov},
	pages = {7645-51},
	abstract = {<p>Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) is an alternative to interspecies H(2)/formate transfer as a mechanism for microbial species to cooperatively exchange electrons during syntrophic metabolism. To understand what specific properties contribute to DIET, studies were conducted with Pelobacter carbinolicus, a close relative of Geobacter metallireducens, which is capable of DIET. P. carbinolicus grew in coculture with Geobacter sulfurreducens with ethanol as the electron donor and fumarate as the electron acceptor, conditions under which G. sulfurreducens formed direct electrical connections with G. metallireducens. In contrast to the cell aggregation associated with DIET, P. carbinolicus and G. sulfurreducens did not aggregate. Attempts to initiate cocultures with a genetically modified strain of G. sulfurreducens incapable of both H(2) and formate utilization were unsuccessful, whereas cocultures readily grew with mutant strains capable of formate but not H(2) uptake or vice versa. The hydrogenase mutant of G. sulfurreducens compensated, in cocultures, with significantly increased formate dehydrogenase gene expression. In contrast, the transcript abundance of a hydrogenase gene was comparable in cocultures with that for the formate dehydrogenase mutant of G. sulfurreducens or the wild type, suggesting that H(2) was the primary electron carrier in the wild-type cocultures. Cocultures were also initiated with strains of G. sulfurreducens that could not produce pili or OmcS, two essential components for DIET. The finding that P. carbinolicus exchanged electrons with G. sulfurreducens via interspecies transfer of H(2)/formate rather than DIET demonstrates that not all microorganisms that can grow syntrophically are capable of DIET and that closely related microorganisms may use significantly different strategies for interspecies electron exchange.</p>},
	keywords = {Coculture Techniques, Deltaproteobacteria, Electricity, Electron Transport, Electrons, Formates, Geobacter, Hydrogen, Microbial Interactions},
	issn = {1098-5336},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.01946-12},
	author = {Rotaru, Amelia-Elena and Shrestha, Pravin M and Liu, Fanghua and Ueki, Toshiyuki and Nevin, Kelly and Summers, Zarath M and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {435,
	title = {Microbial electrosynthesis: feeding microbes electricity to convert carbon dioxide and water to multicarbon extracellular organic compounds.},
	journal = {MBio},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	abstract = {The possibility of providing the acetogenic microorganism Sporomusa ovata with electrons delivered directly to the cells with a graphite electrode for the reduction of carbon dioxide to organic compounds was investigated. Biofilms of S. ovata growing on graphite cathode surfaces consumed electrons with the reduction of carbon dioxide to acetate and small amounts of 2-oxobutyrate. Electrons appearing in these products accounted for over 85\% of the electrons consumed. These results demonstrate that microbial production of multicarbon organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water with electricity as the energy source is feasible.},
	keywords = {Bioelectric Energy Sources, Carbon Dioxide, Electricity, Organic Chemicals, Veillonellaceae, Water},
	issn = {2150-7511},
	doi = {10.1128/mBio.00103-10},
	author = {Nevin, Kelly P and Woodard, Trevor L and Franks, Ashley E and Summers, Zarath M and Lovley, Derek R}
}
